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Treatment of Temporo-Mandibular Disorder/TMD

Disc Repositioning Surgery

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) Resorption

Temporomendibular Joint (TMJ) Ankylosis

Condylotomy

Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) dislocation

Total Alloplastic TMJ Replacement

Treatment of Temporo-Mandibular Disorder/TMD

"Treatment of TMD should start with non-invasive and reversible options"(Okeson,2013)

 

With detailed physical examinations, history-taking and imaging examinations, clinicians can make accurate diagnosis and comprehensive evaluation of the masticatory system. Depends on the diagnosis, the extent and severity of the underlying causes, treatment of TMD can be divided into 3 stages:

    
1. Non-invasive approaches︰patient education, medications, physical therapy, and occlusal appliance.
    
2. Minimally invasive therapies︰trigger point injection, Botox injection, arthrocentesis and arthroscopy.
    
3. Mandibular and TMJ surgeries︰articular disc reposition, arthroplasty, orthognathic surgery, alloplastic custom-made total joint prosthesis replacement.

TMJ is delicate joint connecting temporal bone and mandible, which plays an important role in the balance of masticatory system

TMJ is a delicate joint connecting temporal bone and mandible, which plays an important role in the balance of masticatory system. Non-invasive and reversible treatments are the main therapeutic options for early stage of TMD, which achieve similar long-term results as surgical approaches in most TMD patients (70-85%).(Leeuw R, 2013. Okeson, 2013)。
 

However for patients with early stage of TMD showing poor response to non-surgical treatments or patients with persistent pain or functional restriction for more than 3-6 months, minimally invasive therapies or surgical intervention should be considered. This is most commonly seen in the case of long-term disc displacement without reduction, degenerative joint diseases (e.g. osteoarthritis, osteroarthrosis), post-traumatic or post-infectious ankylosis, idiopathic condylar resorption, and hypoplasia or hyperplasia of temporal bone and/or mandible(Nale JC, 2014. Okeson, 2013, Hwi-Dong Jung,2015)。